Izilwane zangaphambi komlando usayizi wokuphila kwezilwane ze-animatronic Macrauchenia patagonica for park
ULWAZI OLUNINGI
INKONZO EMVA KOKUDAYISWA
itimu ipaki i-animatronic sculpture i-zoo park i-animatronic yezilwane usayizi wokwenziwa wezilwane i-zoo park i-animatronic yezilwane ukulingisa irobhothi izilwane indikimba yendaba ipaki irobhothi isilwane i-animatronic impilo yezilwane isifanekiso se-animatronic impilo yezilwane i-animatronic izilwane zangaphambi komlando izinto zenkundla yokudlala ezithengiswayo usayizi wesilwane ongaphandle kwendawo yokudlala imodeli yesilwane yokwenziwa engokoqobo usayizi wezilwane ze-animatronic usayizi wezilwane I-Macrauchenia ("i-llama ende", esekelwe ohlotsheni lwe-llama olungavumelekile manje, i-Auchenia, kusukela ku-Greek "intamo enkulu") yayiyisilwane esincelisayo esikhulu, esinentamo ende futhi sinemilenze emide, esinezinzwane ezintathu saseNingizimu Melika ngokohlelo lwe-Litopterna.I-genus inikeza igama layo emndenini wayo, i-Macraucheniidae noma "i-robust litopterns".Njengamanye ama-litoptern, ihlobene kakhulu nama-odd-toed ungulates (Perissodactyla), lapho i-litoptern yahlukana khona cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-66 edlule.Izinsalela ezindala kakhulu zohlobo lwedethi ye-Miocene engasekho, cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyisikhombisa edlule, futhi i-M. patachonica iyanyamalala emlandweni wezinsalela phakathi ne-Pleistocene engasekho, cishe eminyakeni engu-20,000-10,000 edlule.I-M. patachonica ingelinye lelunga lokugcina nelaziwa kakhulu lomndeni futhi yaziwa ngokuyinhloko ngeLuján Formation e-Argentina, kodwa yaziwa ezindaweni eziseningizimu yeNingizimu Melika.Olunye uhlobo lwe-macraucheniid Xenorhinotherium lwalukhona enyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrazil naseVenezuela ngesikhathi se-Late Pleistocene.I-specimen yohlobo yatholwa nguCharles Darwin phakathi nohambo lwe-Beagle.Empilweni, i-Macrauchenia kungenzeka ukuthi yayifana nekamela elingenalutho, nakuba le ntela emibili ingahlobene eduze.Yadla izitshalo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi iNingizimu Melika.Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezichazwe, i-M. patachonica ne-M. ullomensis ibhekwa njengevumelekile;I-M. boliviensis ithathwa njenge-nomen dubium;kanye ne-M. antiqua (noma i-M. antiquus) ihanjiswe kuhlobo lwe-Promacrauchenia Izinsalela zeMacrauchenia zaqoqwa okokuqala mhla ziyisi-9 kuNhlolanja 1834 ePort St Julian ePatagonia (Argentina) nguCharles Darwin, ngenkathi uHMS Beagle ehlola itheku.Njengongeyena uchwepheshe wakhomba kancane amathambo omlenze nezingcezu zomgogodla azithola “njengesilwane esithile esikhulu, ngithanda iMastodon”.Ngo-1837, ngemva nje kokubuya kwe-Beagle, isazi sokwakheka kwemvelo uRichard Owen sathola amathambo, kuhlanganise nama-vertebrae angemuva nasentanyeni, njengesilwane esikhulu esifana ne-llama noma ikamela, u-Owen aliqamba ngokuthi iMacrauchenia patachonica.Lapho eyiqamba, u-Owen waphawula amagama okuqala esiGreki athi μακρο?(ama-makros, amakhulu noma amade), kanye ne-αυχην (auchèn, intamo) njengoba isetshenziswe u-Illiger njengesisekelo se-Auchenia njengegama elijwayelekile le-llama, i-Vicugna njalonjalo.Okutholakele kwakungenye yezinto ezitholwe ezaholela ekusungulweni kwenkolelo-mbono kaDarwin.Kusukela lapho, kuye kwatholakala izinsalela ezengeziwe ze-Macrauchenia, ikakhulukazi ePatagonia, kodwa naseBolivia, eChile naseVenezuela. 
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